[阅读] [已取消分享][心理学（第五版）].Psychology.5e.(Peter.O.Gra...

Background to the Study of Psychology “Know thyself.” These two words were inscribed on the shrine of the Oracle of Apollo, at Delphi, Greece, in the sixth century b.c. Throughout recorded history, human beings have striven to understand the nature of being human, to fathom the mysteries of the human mind and human behavior. Today that endeavor is pursued as a science, the science of psychology. In this first, background unit, we examine some fundamental ideas that helped to bring about a science of psychology, and we preview some of the methods that help to make psychology a science. part 1 Foundations for the Study of Psychology c Three Foundation Ideas for he human being, as far as any human being can tell, is h Psychology: A Historical the only creature that contemplates itself. We not only Overview a Tthink, feel, dream, and act but also wonder how and The Idea of Physical Causation of why we do these things. Such contemplation has taken many Behavior forms, ranging from just plain wondering to folk tales and pop- The Idea That the Mind and Behavior p ular songs, to poetry and literature, to formal theologies and Are Shaped by Experience philosophies. A little more than a century ago, human self- The Idea That the Machinery of Behavior and Mind Evolved contemplation took a scientific turn, and we call that science Through Natural Selection psychology. The Scope of Psychology Welcome! Welcome to Psychology and to psychology—that is, t to this book and to the field of study it is about. I hope you will Varieties of Explanations in enjoy them both. The big question of psychology is one of the e Psychology, and Their Application to Sexual Jealousy most fascinating that anyone can ask: What makes people feel, think, and behave the way they do? In this book you will read r The Connections of Psychology to Other Scholarly Fields about many routes toward answering that big question, and you Psychology as a Profession will discover many dozens of specific findings and