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2019-9-29 20:45 |
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本帖最后由 张琴琴 于 2019-9-8 11:31 编辑
首先要指出的是，最能体现出英语思维的地方就是“时态”的运用。英语对时间表达的精确性远胜过中文，这种英语思维在汉语中的天然缺失，使得国人对英语时态的学习要么不够重视，置之不理，要么异常艰难。
再者，所有英语时态的讨论只能建立在具体的语境中，任何孤立的句子都是没有意义的，完成时更是如此。楼主能提出这样的问题，说明注意力已经开始关注起英语中比较微妙的地方。
例:
A:This young man must be no more than 30 years old. But he looks weather-beaten and tough.
B: Yeah. He was born to a family of sailors. He has travelled all over the world.
这个对话中完成时的意义就是“他周游过全世界”。既不是正在周游，也不是近期在周游，而是表达出了一种已经走遍世界的结果，这一“成果”已经成了事实。
例:
A: Morning, fella! Where's your brother Mike? I haven't seen him for a while.
B: Why, he is not at home. He has a long vacation every year. He is now travelling all over the world!
这里当然不能用完成时。这里的进行时显然表达了Mike正在环游世界的过程中。
例:
A:I found in Charlie's bookcase a number of curious gismos and souvenir badges, most of which seem to have been bought in foreign countries. What has he been doing since he graduated?
B:Why, didn't you know that? He has been travelling all over the world!
这里的现在完成进行时表达的是Charlie在从过去到现在的很长一段时间内，反复从事某个活动，即他这些年来反反复复的出国旅行。
例:
Zheng He, the legendary voyager of China's Ming Dynasty, travelled all over the world before the age of Columbus.
这里只是个人物介绍，所以只用过去式。
例:
He takes his beloved dog Queenie with him every time he travels all over the world.
一般现在时不一定就是“发生在现在的事情”，其本质思维是用于不受时间限制的动作。比如这个例句是在说”他每次周游世界都带上狗“。这里没有以前，现在和将来的时间概念。
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发表于 2019-9-8 09:36:54
楼主