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ESL 词典为了降低难度，使出了各种招数，有时候难免失误，韦氏高阶chasten就是一个：
to cause (someone) to feel sad or embarrassed about something that has happened使难过；使难堪
He was chastened [=humbled] by his team's defeat.
他的队伍战败，他感到无地自容。
— chastening
Having her proposal criticized was a chastening [=humbling] experience.
提案遭到批评，是一次令她羞愧的经历。
Merriam-Webster Dictionary：
If you say you would "castigate" or "chastise" someone in order to "chasten" them, you demonstrate a good knowledge of the origin of "chasten" - all three verbs derive from the Latin verb castigare, meaning "to punish." The trio shares an initial sense of "to subject to severe and often physical punishment," but all three verbs are now as likely to refer to a verbal dressing-down as a physical lesson. "Chasten" (which arrived in English via Anglo-French chastier) can also be used to mean "to prune of excess, pretense, or falsity." This led to the more general sense of "to make more subdued," although the humility can be imposed by a humiliating situation as easily as by a strict taskmaster.
韦氏高阶那个[=humbled]，[=humbling] 倒是说对了，可惜humble 不是「基础X千词」里头的
其他ESL词典也有释义简单的问题，朗文：
to make someone realize that their behaviour was wrong or mistaken 惩戒，责罚，磨炼
在牛津高阶4的时代，这个问题还不显著：
1. punish (sb) in order to correct or improve; discipline 惩罚（某人）（使之改正或改进）；惩戒。
2. subdue (sb); restrain 遏制（某人）；制止：
a chastening experience使人抑制的感受
He was chastened by his failure.他因失败而一蹶不振。
英汉词典不需要迁就初学者，所以都挺正常。21世紀電腦英漢漢英雙向辭典 = 新世紀英漢辭典 = 新英和中辞典
1 a. (为矫正行为而) 惩罚< 人>
b. (给予折磨) 锻炼 [磨炼] < 人>
2 a. 抑制< 热情等> ; 缓和 < 脾气等>
b. 使 < 思想、文体等> 精练, 使…简洁; 推敲 [洗练, 琢磨] < 作品等>
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发表于 2019-12-9 00:11:03
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