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发表于 2020-9-4 17:47:41
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我觉得真正有意思是这一条：
Improving nearly 20 entries, we’ve replaced all instances of commit suicide with die by suicide or end one’s life, language preferred by mental health professionals and suicide prevention specialists. The moralistic verb commit is associated with crime (in the justice system) and sin (in religion), deepening the emotional pain surrounding this sensitive but important subject—and thickening the barriers to talking openly about it.
英语里「自杀」习惯的说法是「commit suicide」（字面：犯自杀罪），这样的表达法有负面意涵，无助于阻止自杀，所以释义里面批量换成了「die by suicide」或者「end one’s life」
在suicide条目下，dictionary.com 说：
USAGE NOTE FOR SUICIDE
In English, the verb suicide exists (e.g., Many teens who suicide have experienced abuse or bullying ), but its use is rare. Rather, the most common way to express the idea of taking one’s own life uses the noun suicide in the expressions to commit suicide or to attempt suicide .
However, the phrase commit suicide is discouraged by major editorial style guides, mental health professionals, and specialists in suicide prevention. The verb commit is associated with crime (in the justice system) and sin (in religion). Using such moralistic language deepens the emotional pain surrounding a suicide.
The verb phrases to die by suicide and to end one’s life are now preferred over the common expression commit suicide . The adjectives successful , unsuccessful , and failed are words that should be avoided when describing a suicide or suicide attempt, as is language that either romanticizes or stigmatizes the act.
Suicide is undeniably a hard subject to broach. It is okay to talk about suicide; studies show that discussing suicide with someone will not make that person suicidal or increase the likelihood of acting on suicidal ideation. But using language that criminalizes the act is insensitive to those whose lives have been touched by suicide.
suicide 本来就可以用作动词，只是罕见。commit suicide 或者 attempt suicide 这样的说法常见，但是不提倡。现在提倡说「die by suicide」（自杀而死）或者「end one’s life」（结束生命）
「commit suicide」（字面：犯自杀罪）跟中文表达习惯不符，不知道难倒了多少莘莘学子，「自杀」凭什么非要跟commit搭配呢？一般的书里也不爱讲。
牛津高阶双解(第四版)：
commit murder, suicide, theft, a blunder, an unforgiveable error, etc犯凶杀、自杀、偷窃、大错、不可原谅的错误等。
韦氏高阶：
commit suicide/murder/rape/adultery 自杀；犯谋杀/强奸/通奸罪
这两本都透露了一件事儿，说英语的人原本把「自杀」看作大罪。两本词典的译者在翻译的时候选了不同的策略。
近年来的朗文当代、牛津高阶，干脆直接把「commit suicide」看成固定搭配、成语了，管你理解不理解，反正给我老老实实背下来，背不下来考试扣分。
衷心希望「commit suicide」这种莫名其妙的表达法少一些，如果不能少，也请各大英汉词典、英汉教辅，勤快一点跟国际接轨，要么解释清楚「commit suicide」背后的文化意涵，要么主动拥抱新说法「die by suicide」「end one’s life」，老说法就不要天天在考试里频频亮相难为人了。「suicide」直接用作动词我觉得也不错嘛！希望英语世界尽快普及。 |
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发表于 2020-9-4 17:45:22
