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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2020-11-6 21:14 编辑
 翻开汉英词典，一溜儿地把「窃国」翻作usurp state power —— 不消说，全抄袭的北外汉英。
usurp state power错是没错，可惜太单薄了点儿。一起看：
牛津高阶 第10版：
steal
to take something from a person, shop, etc. without permission and without intending to return it or pay for it
(figurative) They accused the president of stealing the election (= winning it by cheating).
牛津高阶说了，steal 搭配election就是个比喻用法，本质上还是不离本义「偷、窃取」的范畴。
英汉大词典(第2版)：
4. 巧妙地占有；用不正当手段取得；意外地赢得：
They've stolen our liberty. 他们夺走了我们的自由。
steal an election (a lot of votes) 暗中舞弊取得选举胜利(赢得大量选票)
英汉大词典单独列了一个义项，这大概是参考的韦氏：
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary
3
a : to seize, gain, or win by trickery, skill, or daring
a basketball player adept at stealing the ball
stole the election
b of a base runner : to reach (a base) safely solely by running and usually catching the opposing team off guard
韦氏在这个词上面划分义项，划分得格外细致。但其实仍然不脱本义。
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「窃国」这样的说法，对国人而言并不陌生，因为有庄子名句：
國語辭典：
盜取、偷。
▶ 如：「竊取」。
▶ 周禮．地官．山虞：「凡竊木者有刑罰。」
▶ 莊子．胠篋：「彼竊鉤者誅，竊國者為諸侯。」
「窃国」的「窃」，本质上就是「盗窃」的「窃」，窃钩和窃国可以相提并论呀。
新华字典：
窃(竊)qiè
①偷盗：
～案．
[喻] 用不合法不合理的手段取得：～位．～国．
「窃」能跟「国」「位」搭配，「偷」却不能，这只是搭配习惯的问题。
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《庄子·大宗师》：
夫藏舟於壑，藏山於澤，謂之固矣。然而夜半有力者負之而走，昧者不知也。藏大小有宜，猶有所遯。若夫藏天下於天下，而不得所遯，是恆物之大情也。
把小船藏到小壑里，把大山藏到大泽里，大家都觉得很保险了，不过半夜三更还是会被人抱走偷走啊……只有把天下藏到天下里，才是最好的
这段话有人说费解，其实谈的无非是防止「窃天下」的高招罢了。《荀子・正论》：
故可以有夺人国，不可以有夺人天下；可以有窃国，不可以有窃天下也。夺之者可以有国，而不可以有天下；窃可以得国，而不可以得天下。是何也？曰：国、小具也，可以小人有也，可以小道得也，可以小力持也；天下者、大具也，不可以小人有也，不可以小道得也，不可以小力持也。
「窃国」「窃天下」这种说法并不是道家独占的，儒家也说喔。
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前头词典里有「steal an election」，下面看实际语料中的「steal our country」：
And in order to make our mark on this singularly unique moment, we must show up in November to make sure that the man who stood at the foot of Mt. Rushmore and in front of the Lincoln Memorial is sent into the shadows of history, humiliated by defeat and the knowledge that Americans want something he cannot deliver: an end to the race war, the class divisions, the constant fear of a virus, a shattered economy, incompetence, corruption, and the premeditated cruelty of a fraud who stole our Fourth of July and is trying to steal our country too.
不好意思这句子长了点。
NPR：
Republican Sen. 某甲 says 某乙 is a "con artist" who ripped off ordinary people and now wants to steal "our country."
Reuters：
“某甲 and his henchmen want to steal our country. Ukraine is united as never before in its struggle against those in power today, in its determination not to allow a dictatorship,” 某乙, the strongest potential challenger for the presidency, told the crowds on Independence Square.
这都是活生生的证明嘛。并不是非要用usurp 这个词不可。
梁实秋《最新实用汉英辞典》：
汉英大词典（第3版）
窃钩者诛，窃国者侯
[- ɡōu zhě zhū qiè ɡuó zhě hóu]
He who steals a hook gets hanged as a crook; he who steals the kingdom makes himself a duke — little thieves are hanged, but great ones become dukes. 新世纪汉英大词典
窃钩窃国
he who steals a hook pays with his life; he who steals a state is made a lord―little thieves are hanged but great ones honoured
CC-CEDICT ：
steal a hook and they hang you, steal the whole country and they make you a prince (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子)
跑到「窃钩者诛，窃国者侯」这一条下面，一下子都知道用「steal」了。
虽说「国」怎么翻，「侯」怎么翻，还是各说各话，没个定论 —— 从上头我列的语料来看，明摆着当代人认为某些president，甭管是哪国的，就是那「侯」嘛
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发表于 2020-11-6 21:14:54
楼主